Deglycosylation of flavonoid and isoflavonoid glycosides by human small intestine and liver β‐glucosidase activity

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Abstract
Flavonoid and isoflavonoid glycosides are common dietary phenolics which may be absorbed from the small intestine of humans. The ability of cell-free extracts from human small intestine and liver to deglycosylate various (iso)flavonoid glycosides was investigated. Quercetin 4′-glucoside, naringenin 7-glucoside, apigenin 7-glucoside, genistein 7-glucoside and daidzein 7-glucoside were rapidly deglycosylated by both tissue extracts, whereas quercetin 3,4′-diglucoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, kaempferol 3-glucoside, quercetin 3-rhamnoglucoside and naringenin 7-rhamnoglucoside remained unchanged. The K m for hydrolysis of quercetin 4′-glucoside and genistein 7-glucoside was ∼32±12 and ∼14±3 μM in both tissues respectively. The enzymatic activity of the cell-free extracts exhibits similar properties to the cytosolic broad-specificity β-glucosidase previously described in mammals.