Differential response of 14 weed species to seven herbicides in two plant communities

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Abstract
The responses of 14 weed species to seven different herbicides were compared. The species included five monocots: Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv., Agrostis alba L., Carex gracilescens Mack., Phleum pratense L., and Poa pratensis L.; and nine dicots: Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Aster cordifolius L., Fragaria virginiana Duchesne, Oxalis europaea Jord., Pastinaca sativa L., Solidago canadensis L., S. nemoralis Ait., Taraxacum officinale Weber, and Vicia cracca L. A principal component analysis revealed that species responses to four auxin herbicides ((2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D), picloram, picloram + 2,4-D, and 2,4-D + (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4,5-T)) were very similar, although picloram was more effective in eliminating Aster cordifolius, Fragaria virginiana, Solidago nemoralis, and Vicia cracca. Auxin response differed markedly between monocots and dicots, whereas life-form was important in determining the response of the species to paraquat, simazine, and diuron treatments. Response to herbicide treatment was similar in both pioneer and mature old-field communities. However, Phleum pratense and Poa pratensis were susceptible to all auxin treatments in the pioneer community but were resistant to the same treatments in mature fields.

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