Model for antiorthostatic hypokinesia: head-down tilt effects on water and salt excretion

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Abstract
Water and electrolyte excretion was investigated in antiorthostatic hypokinetic and orthostatic hypokinetic and control rats in metabolic cages. Significant (t test, P < 0.05) diuresis, natriuresis and kaliuresis occurred in the antiorthostatic hypokinetic subjects but did not occur in either the orthostatic hypokinetic or controls. Recovery from antiorthostatic hypokinesia was characterized by retention of water, Na and K. Patterns of changes in body weight and food and water consumption were virtually identical in antiorthostatic and orthostatic hypokinetic rats and thus could not account for the differences in renal handling of water and electrolytes. Differences in ingestion of food and water in controls could not account for differences in excretion of water and electrolytes between these and antiorthostatic hypokinetic rats. The antiorthostatic position was responsible for the diuresis and natriuresis; the antiorthostatic hypokinetic rat appears to be a good model for the study of water and electrolyte excretion during conditions such as bed rest, water immersion and exposure to weightlessness.

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