DRAM energy management using software and hardware directed power mode control

Abstract
While there have been several studies and proposals for energy conservation for CPUs and peripherals, energy opti - mization techniques for selective operating mode control of DRAMs have not been fully explored It has been shown that as much as 90% of overall system energy (excluding I/O) is consumed by the DRAM modules, serving as a good candi - date for energy optimizations Further, DRAM technology has also matured to provide several low energy operating modes (power modes), making it an opportunistic moment to conduct studies exploring the potential benefits of mode control techniques This paper conducts an in - depth inves - tigation of software and hardware techniques to avail of the DRAM mode control capabilities at a module granularity for energy savings

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