Compatibility of Leptothrips mali1 with Stethorus punctum2 and Orius insidiosus3 : Predators of Panonychus ulmi4

Abstract
The individual or joint potential impact of Leptothrips mali (Fitch) with Stethorus punctum LeConte or Orius insidiosus (Say) on the European red mite ( Panonychus ulmi (Koch)) was evaluated in the laboratory. At a mite density of 45/arena, L. mali with S. punctum killed significantly more P. ulmi than L. mali or S. punctum alone. No difference was observed in total mites killed when the combination of L. mali or O. insidiosus was compared with individual L. mali and O. insidiosus . In 75% of replicates where L. mali was combined with O. insidiosus , the latter killed and consumed the thrips.

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