Oxidative Pathway of Choline to Betaine in the Soluble Fraction Prepared from Arthrobacter globiformis

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Abstract
One strain of bacteria which showed high H2O2-generating activity was isolated from soil and characterized as Arthrobacter globiformis based on its morphological, nutritional, and physiological characteristics. The activities of H2O2 generation, NAD reduction and oxygen consumption in the bacterial cells were examined using choline, betaine aldehyde or betaine as substrate. Choline was oxidized to betaine aldehyde under aerobic conditions in a reaction coupled with H2O2 generation and oxygen consumption. On the other hand, betaine aldehyde seemed to be oxidized to betaine through two distinct oxidative reactions, H2O2 generation (oxygen consumption) under aerobic conditions and NAD reduction under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. These enzyme activities were found in the supernatant fraction of the sonicated cell preparation.