The consumption of tobacco, alcohol and the risk of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus

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Abstract
The relationship between tobacco, alcohol and the risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus was evaluated in an endoscopy‐clinic‐based case‐control study of 30 histologically confirmed cases of adenocarcinoma and 140 controls with Barrett's oesophagus but no evidence of malignant lesions. Among the cases, 18 (60%) were non‐smokers and 14 (47%) non‐drinkers, the corresponding proportions in the controls being 52% and 44%. Thus, there was no apparent relation between tobacco, alcohol and the risk of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus, the age‐ and sex‐adjusted point estimates being 1.0 for moderate and 0.9 for heavy smokers, 0.7 and 1.5 respectively for moderate and heavy drinkers. Upper 95% confidence limits were 1.6 for ever‐use of tobacco and 1.9 for ever alcohol drinking. The findings of this study, although based on a limited number of cases, indicate that alcohol and tobacco are unlikely to play a major role in the aetiology of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus.