Cages modified with perches and nests for the improvement of bird welfare

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Abstract
Preliminary results are given from studies of cage-housed birds provided with various combinations of nest sites (of various designs), perches (placed at the front or back of the cages) and dust bath boxes. Tibial bone strength in end-of-lay hens was found to be markedly greater where perches were provided suggesting a clear benefit from this addition. Complex nesting facilities (external nest boxes) elicited more normal pre-laying behaviour than nest sites within the cage. There appeared to be a need for two nests for group sizes of four or five birds.