Abstract
Growth in communications leads to increasing requirements for high data rate transmission that can be met by band-width efficient modulation schemes. In this Letter, the TCM code design criteria based on effective code length (ECL) and product distance (PD) as well as Euclidean distance (ED) are used to construct new 16-QAM trellis codes with improved error rate. The performance of 16-QAM TCM schemes with ideal channel state information (CSI) on Rayleigh fading channels is evaluated by simulation. The results show that the proposed codes achieve significant improvements relative to the best known 16-QAM modulation codes.

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