Experience with Lymphocyte Transformation Tests in Evaluating Allergy to Aminosalicylic Acid, Isoniazid and Streptomycin

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Abstract
Patients with possible allergic reactions to aminosalicylic acid, isoniazid or streptomycin were systematically evaluated to ascertain circumstances under which in vitro transformation of their lymphocytes cultured with the suspected drug would and would not be observed. Leukocytes were cultured for 6 days with 1,000, 100 and 10 µg of drug/ml and tritiated thymidine uptake determined. Stimulation was observed in 13 of 53 cultures from 39 patients and in only 1 of 45 control cultures of lymphocytes from persons who had taken these drugs without evident adverse effects. Optimal drug concentration was variable. In correlating lymphocyte culture results with clinical information, it was found that individuals experiencing predominantly febrile drug reactions usually had negative cultures. In general, lymphocyte transformation does not necessarily indicate immunologic responsiveness of a deleterious type, but in this study there was a significant empiric correlation with clinical drug allergy.

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