Abstract
54 pairs of chimpanzees, which had been separated from each other for periods varying from 5 weeks to 3 yrs. were observed for the first 10-30 min. after they were introduced into the same cage. A food-division test was then given each pair to determine which animal was dominant. Behavior in the introductory period most closely related with dominance in the food test was (1) enters the other animal''s cage, (2) is groomed first by the other animal, and (3) attacks or bluffs the other animal.

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