Cationic Copolymerization of 2-Chloroethyl Vinyl Ether with Styrene Derivatives. III. Solvent and Catalyst Effects on Relative Reactivity

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Abstract
The change in relative reactivity in the cationic copolymerization of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether and styrene derivatives was investigated with various catalysts and solvents. p-Methoxystyrene, p-methylstyrene, and a-methyl-styrene were used as styrene derivatives. The styrene content in the co-polymer increased when a polar solvent and/or a strong catalyst was used. The change of relative reactivity in the copolymerization of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether with styrene derivatives was much greater than that in the copolymerization between vinyl ethers or styrene derivatives. When nitro-ethane was used as a solvent, not only the polarity but also the nucleophilicity influenced the copolymer composition. The results were discussed by two energies, Eπ and Ers, which are measures of complex formation between monomer and carbonium ion, and stabilization energy in the transition state, respectively.

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