Synthesis, characterization and drug release from three-arm poly(ε-caprolactone) maleic acid/poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels

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Abstract
A biodegradable polymer network hydrogel with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components was synthesized and characterized. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic components were a three-arm poly(ε-caprolactone) maleic acid (PGCL-Ma, as the hydrophobic constituent) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate macromer (PEGDA, as a hydrophilic constituent), respectively. These two polymers were chemically photo-crosslinked to generate a three-dimensional network structure, which were characterized by FT-IR, DSC and SEM. The swelling property of the networks was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4). The results of this study showed that a wide-range swelling property was obtained by changing the composition ratio of PGCL-Ma to PEGDA. The in vitro release of bovine serum albumin (BSA) from these hydrogels as a function of the PEGDA to PGCL-Ma composition ratio and incubation time was examined and we found that the incorporation of PEGDA into PGCL-Ma increased the initial burst release of BSA. As the PEGDA component increased, the rate of formation of a loose three-dimensional (3D) network structure increased; consequently, the sustained rate and extent of BSA release increased. We suggest that the release of BSA was controlled by both diffusion of BSA through swelling of the hydrophilic phase during an early stage and degradation of the hydrophobic phase during a late stage; and that the relative magnitude of diffusion versus degradation controlled release depended on composition ratio and immersion time.