Characterization of biochemical changes occurring during storage of red cells

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Abstract
Citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1), containing 0.24 mM adenine (final concentration) and 25% more glucose than citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD), has extended the allowable storage time for [human] red cells to 35 days. Studies were conducted to understand better the characteristics of stored CPDA-1 red cells in relation to the properties of stored CPD red cells. Units with hematocrits near 80% showed the following: ATP and total adenine nucleotide levels of red cells stored with CPDA-1 remained essentially constant during the first 3 wk of storage after which the levels decreased; with red cells stored with CPD, ATP and adenine nucleotide, levels were decreased even after 1 wk of storage. The pattern of the fall in 2,3-diphosphoglycerate was similar in red cells stored with CPD and CPDA-1. Changes in plasma and red cells levels of Na and K, and in plasma NH3 levels, were comparable in CPD and CPDA-1 units; changes in cation levels were most pronounced during the initial 2 wk of storage. Hemolysis was much greater in units stored in CPDA-1 for 35 days than in units stored in CPD for 21 days. Residual glucose concentrations were adequate in units drawn in CPDA-1 and stored for 35 days. The changes in the biochemical characteristics of units of red cells stored with CPD and CPDA-1 are simialr in most instances with the notable exception of the better maintenance of ATP levels in red cells stored with CPDA-1.