Algebraic instability of hollow electron columns and cylindrical vortices

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Abstract
An axisymmetric, amgnetically confined electron column, in which the E×B rotation frequency is not a monotone function of radius, is linearly unstable to two-dimensional, electrostatic disturbances with azimuthal mode number l=1. The perturbation density is asymptotically proportional to √t and may be described as a shift of the core of the column. A particle-in-cell simulation indicates that harmonics grow rapidly and that there are secondary instabilities. An identical instability arises in hollow circular vortex columns in an inviscid, incompressible neutral fluid.