Directed evolution of an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen scFv with a 4-day monovalent dissociation half-time at 37 C

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Abstract
An scFv has been engineered to bind carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with a dissociation half-time >4 days at 37°C. Two mutations responsible for this affinity increase were isolated by screening yeast surface-displayed mutant libraries by flow cytometry. Soluble expression of the mutant scFv in a yeast secretion system was increased 100-fold by screening mutant libraries for improved yeast surface display level. This scFv will be useful as a limiting case for evaluating the significance of affinity in tumor targeting to non-internalizing antigens.

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