Selective control of grass weeds in soyabeans with some recently developed post‐emergence herbicides

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Abstract
Four trials in soybeans were conducted in Parana, Brazil, to evaluate the activity and selectivity of the post-emergence herbicides fluazifop-butyl, sethoxydim, diclofop-methyl, CGA 82725, Ro 13-8895 and the mixed formulation mefluidide + bentazone. Diclofop-methyl and, to a greater extent, mefluidide + bentazone, caused necrotic spots and stains on the trifoliated leaves of soybeans; the mixture had a dwarfing effect on the crop. The remaining herbicides caused a slight delay in crop growth, but the plants recovered rapidly. CGA 82725, Ro 13-8895 and fluazifop-butyl, all at 0.25 kg a.i.[active ingredient]/ha, and sethoxydim at 0.18 kg a.i./ha, gave good control of Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc., Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. and Cenchrus echinatus L., when applied up to the 3-4 tiller stage. At later stages efficacy was lower but acceptable. These herbicides acted slowly and took 20 days to take complete effect. CGA 82725, Ro 13-8895 and fluazifop-butyl left some residual effect, preventing later reinfestation of the area. Diclofop-methyl and mefluidide + bentazone controlled the same grasses in the initial tillering stage only. Microscopic analysis of the apical meristen region of B. plantaginea treated with fluazifop-butyl suggested that tissue degeneration of the embryonic leaf blade base started 48 h after application, and induced alterations in cellular metabolism.

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