CARFENTANIL AND XYLAZINE FOR IMMOBILIZATION OF MOOSE (ALCES ALCES) ON ISLE ROYALE

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Abstract
Moose (21) were captured on Isle Royale between May 28 and June 2, 1984 at licks on the western end of the island. The animals were darted, at ranges of 10 to 35 m, with 3 cc [cm3] dart syringes containing 3 or 4 mg of carfentanil and 100 or 175 mg of xylazine. Three animals were drugged with carfentanil alone. Immobilization time ranged from 2.5-6 min. There was no excitement phase evident in 18 of the animals and they rarely moved more than 30 m after darting. Reversal was begun at 30 to 90 min after darting using naloxone and diprenorphine given i.m. and i.v. Recovery time varied from 10 min to 3 h with the longer times occurring at the higher doses of immobilizing drugs. Two animals died within 30 h, one as the result of aspiration of rumen contents and the other was unable to get on its feet and was euthanized. Analysis of blood samples from the 18 moose immobilized with the drug combination yielded Hb values of 13.1 .+-. 0.3 g/dl, hematocrit: 37.6 .+-. 0.7%, red blood cells: 5.46 .+-. 0.1 million/.mu.l, leukocytes: 6.1 .+-. 0.4 thousand/.mu.l, and serum urea nitrogen: 29.3 .+-. 1.6 mg/dl. Apparently, quiet, undisturbed moose can be immobilized with 3 mg carfentanil and 100 mg or less of xylazine.

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