Effects of analogues of adenosine and methyl xanthines on insulin sensitivity in soleus muscle of the rat

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Abstract
The concentration of insulin that produces half‐maximal stimulation of glycolysis by stripped soleus muscle preparations is markedly increased by the adenosine analogues, 2‐chloroadenosine and N 6‐phenylisopropyladenosine, but is markedly decreased by the methyl xanthine analogue, 8‐phenyltheophylline. 2‐Chloroadenosine increases the concentration of insulin required to stimulate glycolysis half maximally, from about 100 to 2000 μunits/ml. 8‐Phenyltheophylline decreases this concentration of insulin from about 100 to 10 μunits/ml, an effect which is similar to that produced either by addition of adenosine deaminase to the medium or to exercise‐training of the donor animals for 4 weeks.