Production of Experimental Congestive Heart Failure in the Guinea Pig.

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Abstract
To understand more clearly the basic mechanisms involved in the heart and other organs during the course of chronic congestive heart failure, there is a need to study congestive heart failure from the viewpoint of bioenergetics. The adaptation of biochemical techniques to such a problem requires availability of fresh whole non-fibrotic cardiac and other tissue for the various enzymatic and biochemical techniques; tissue preparations which are readily reproducible; and uniform development of congestive heart failure. These criteria were met in the technique of reducing the size of the arch of the aorta by 1/3 by means of a ligature in the guinea pig. The animals thus treated developed the syndrome of congestive heart failure within a period of 10 to 12 days with the sequential pattern of changes from enlargement of the left ventricle to passive venous congestion of the visceral organs. The pathologic picture in the tissues of these animals was similar to that observed in man during the development of chronic congestive heart failure. Tissues from these animals could be subjected to techniques suitable for biochemical study and preliminary biochemical work has been accomplished.

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