Aversive Training: Long-Term Effects

Abstract
Three years ago a tone ending in unavoidable electric shock was periodically presented to pigeons while they pecked a key for food. When pecking was disrupted by tone, shock was disconnected and the training tone and tones of different frequencies were presented. At first all tones caused a reduction in the rate of pecking, but as testing proceeded the gradient narrowed. In our study, testing was resumed after a 2½-year interruption. Despite the interruption the tones still suppress behavior.

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