Ultrasonic Extraction of Insecticides in Soil. I. Comparison of Extraction Methods and Solvent Systems Over Three Time Intervals1

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Abstract
The ultrasonic extraction of heptachlor epoxide and dieldrin from a sandy loam soil 1 day, 1 month, and 2 months after treatment was studied using 6 solvent systems and was compared with blender and roller-extraction methods. The solvents used were benzene, acetonitrile, hexane-acetone, hexane-isopropanol, benzene-isopropanol. and benzene-methanol. Statistical analyses of the data showed that the 3 main effects, methods, solvents, and intervals, and their interactions all were significant at the 1% level. The roller was the best method for I day after treatment while for the last 2 intervals there were essentially no significant differences between the 3 methods. Benzene was the poorest solvent overall, while benzenemethanol was significantly better than the next best solvents, hexane-acetone and hexane-isopropanol. There was a sharp overall decrease in recovery from 1 day after to 1 and 2 months after treatment, which fact was attributed to strong adsorption by the dry soil particles. This study shows that the ultrasonic method warrants further investigation as a soil-extraction technique.

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