Determination of urinary hippuric acid ando-cresol levels as biological indicators of toluene exposure in shoe-workers and glue sniffers

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Abstract
In this study, groups exposed to toluene either intentionally (glue sniffers) or unintentionally (shoe-workers) were compared. The groups were evaluated in terms of urinary levels of the toluene metabolites hippuric acid and o-cresol. Results were also compared with control values. Hippuric acid levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and o-cresol levels by gas liquid chromatography. The levels of hippuric acid and o-cresol were found to be statistically significantly higher in glue sniffers than in shoe-workers (p p o-cresol in the shoe-workers and in the controls were statistically significant (p p o-cresol indicate massive exposure to toluene.