Cryptorchidism in Mental Retardation

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Abstract
Institutionalized male subjects (148) to study the prevalence of cryptorchidism among mentally retarded individuals. Of the patients 121 (81.7%) were profoundly (IQ 19 or less), 21 severely (20-35), 5 moderately (36-51) and 1 mildly (65) retarded. Patient age ranged from 1-36 yr (mean 13.6 yr). According to the etiology of the mental retardation the cases were classified into 6 categories: chromosomal aberrations, single gene disorders, polygenic conditions, teratogen-induced anomalies, perinatal/postnatal injuries and idiopathic mental retardation. Cryptorchidism was found in 44 individuals (39.7%), and was bilateral 3.4 times more often than unilateral. Cerebral palsy occurred in 88 patients. There were 36 patients with cryptorchidism and cerebral palsy, representing 41% of the patients with cerebral palsy and 81.8% of the cryptorchid group (P = 0.0006). Among the noncryptorchid male subjects 52 (50%) had cerebral palsy. Epilepsy also was more frequent in the cryptorchid group (P = 0.0333). The cryptorchid and noncryptorchid groups did not show a significant difference in the etiology of mental retardation except in the perinatal/postnatal category in which cryptorchidism was more frequent (P = 0.025), and in the polygenic category in which all 9 patients were noncryptorchid. A high prevalence of cryptorchidism was shown in individuals with profound and severe mental retardation, and particularly in those having cerebral palsy.

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