Ultra–high-Energy Cosmic-Ray Sources and Large-Scale Magnetic Fields

Abstract
Protons of energies up to about 1020 eV can be subject to significant deflection and energy-dependent time delay in large-scale extragalactic or halo magnetic fields of strengths comparable to current upper limits. By performing three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations of nucleon propagation, we show how observations of arrival direction and time distributions can be used to measure the structure and strength of large-scale magnetic fields and constrain the nature of the source of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays.
All Related Versions