Anti-Endotoxin Monoclonal Antibodies — A Second Look

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Abstract
Approximately half a million cases of sepsis occur each year in the United States, and the estimated mortality is 35 percent (175,000 deaths annually). Half are caused by gram-negative rods, and half of these are associated with a positive blood culture. Among patients with positive blood cultures, 25 percent die of complications directly attributable to the bacteremia and 10 percent die of the underlying disease.1 Improved therapies directed at the infection would not affect the latter.Bloodstream infections also add to the morbidity and economic burden of the underlying diseases. The excess hospital stay attributable to nosocomial bacteremia (two weeks) . . .