Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage.

Abstract
Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) was completed in 30 of 34 attempts (88.2%). Sixteen patients are alive with functioning stents 1-14 mo. following insertion of the catheters. Eight patients died with functioning stents 2 wk-4 mo. following placement. Six stents were replaced due to sepsis or rising bilirubin 1-8 mo. following initial insertion. The only immediate complication was sepsis, which developed in 1 patient. Since ERBD circumvents many of the complications associated with percutaneous transhepatic drainage [PTD] it has replaced this technique in the author''s institution as the primary nonoperative modality for biliary decompression. PTD is now reserved for ERBD failures.

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