Confinement, Behavior and Performance with Examples from Poultry

Abstract
The great intensification of animal agriculture during the past decade has had a profound and dramatic influence on husbandry procedures. Although there was some resistance to change during the 1950's, today the poultry industry is waiting for recommendations that may be implemented to intensify production. For example, Siegel and Coles (1958) showed that with adequate control of other environmental factors, broilers could be reared with similar results at either 464, 696, 929 or 1150 cm2 of floor space. The conclusions were questioned because routine space allowances in the field were 929 cm2 per chick started. Yet, within a few years, allowances of 557 cm2 became routine. When it was demonstrated in the 1960's that superior broiler performance could be obtained with low intensity continuous light, there was minimal lag time in implementation. Although we in animal agrculture are aware of changes in husbandry practices, they have not gone unnoticed by others. Copyright © 1973. American Society of Animal Science . Copyright 1973 by American Society of Animal Science.