Development of Disease-Specific Health-Related Quality-of-Life Instruments for Children With Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Their Parents

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Abstract
Immune thrombopenic purpura (ITP) is an important childhood hematologic disorder that is often frightening to patients and their parents because of its acute onset and bleeding symptoms. There is no consensus on the management of ITP in children. Pediatric hematologists have differing management philosophies, yet most, explicitly or implicitly, incorporate into their management approach the potential impact on the child's and family's quality of life. There is no validated ITP-specific health-related quality-of-life instrument for use with children with ITP, nor is there one to evaluate the burden experienced by their parents. ITP is usually a self-limited disorder. With current controversy over management approaches, an evaluation of the disease burden experienced by the child and the family may assist with the assessment of alternative treatment approaches. Using standard clinimetric methodology, 88 children with acute or chronic ITP, along with their parents, participated in the development of the instruments. The 26-item ITP-Child Quality-of-Life Questionnaire includes five domains: treatment side effect-related, intervention-related, disease-related, activity-related, and family-related. This instrument can be used as a self-completed instrument for most children older than 7 years or as a proxy-completed instrument by parents of children younger than 7 years. The 26-item ITP-Parental Burden Quality-of-Life Questionnaire includes six domains: concerns related to diagnosis/investigation, treatment/disease monitoring, monitoring of child's activities, interference with daily life, disease outcome, and emotional impacts. The first steps of the development of these formally developed instruments are complete. The instruments are available for study to validate and test their responsiveness through use in clinical research studies. Such instruments are increasingly recognized as important for comprehensive measurement of patient outcomes in this and other areas of pediatric hematology/oncology practice.