The effect of changes in pH on phosphate and potassium uptake by Monascus rubiginosus ATCC 16367 in submerged shaken culture

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Abstract
Monascus rubiginosus ATCC 16367 was cultivated aerobically in media containing ammonium and nitrate as nitrogen source. The pH of the medium was adjusted at different times, the pH of the nitrate medium being lowered to the pH of the ammonium medium and the pH of the ammonium medium raised to that of the nitrate. More phosphate was taken up on the nitrate medium, but potassium uptake did not start until 24 h. On the ammonium medium, both were taken up in parallel from the beginning, but the amount of phosphate taken up never reached the same level as on nitrate medium. When the pH was adjusted, the uptakes changed, especially on the ammonium medium where a great increase in phosphate uptake was observed. More conidia were formed on the nitrate medium and more pigment on the ammonium medium. When the pH of either media was adjusted, the development of conidia and pigment production changed to that of the other control medium where the pH evolved normally in the direction of the change, regardless of the source of nitrogen. The reasons for the development of conidia on nitrate medium or where the pH is high, and the production of pigment on ammonium medium or at low pH is discussed.

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