The biology of Asterias rubens L. II. Parasitization of the gonads by the ciliate Orchitophrya stellarum Cépède

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Abstract
The parasitic astomatous holotrich ciliate, Orchitophrya stellarum Cépède, has been found in the testes of starfishes (Asterias rubens) in the Plymouth area. It was found only in starfishes from numerically rich and well-fed populations, which also showed large gonad growth. In such populations it occurred in up to 28% of the males during March-April 1947, and in lower percentages during the spring of the three following years. The parasite was never found in a geographically adjacent population containing smaller numbers of poorly fed starfishes. The parasite was found to be relatively more common in the testes of medium-sized starfishes than in those of large and small starfishes.Presence of the parasite causes a complete breakdown of all the germinal tissue of the testes, so that most of the infected starfishes suffer complete castration. This involution of the testicular tissue has been studied, and photomicrographs are given which show a number of stages in the process.

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