Nosocomial Zoonoses

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Abstract
There are hundreds of diseases known as zoonoses that are transmissible from lower vertebrates such as fish, birds, and other animals to humans. The many modes of transmission include direct contact (e.g., Microsporum canis infection), scratch (cat scratch fever), bite (rabies), inhalation (ornithosis), contact with urine or feces (leptospirosis), and ingestion of meat (infection with beef tapeworm), dairy products (listeriosis), eggs (salmonellosis), or feces (Campylobacter jejuni infection), as well as contact with arthropod intermediate hosts (Trypanosoma rhodesiense). Many emerging and reemerging diseases are zoonoses, including hantavirus infections and most viral hemorrhagic fevers. Human immunodeficiency viruses probably originated . . .