Corneal endothelial specular microscopy following deep lamellar keratoplasty with lyophilised tissue

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Abstract
Purpose To assess the corneal endothelial cell density following deep lamellar keratoplasty (DLK) carried out by air dissection and with the transplantation of lyophilised tissue. Method Contact endothelial specular microscopy was carried out on a series of patients who had undergone DLK with a minimum of 1 year post-operative follow-up. Results Twenty eyes of 18 patients were examined at follow-up times ranging from 1 to 8 years post-operatively (mean 3 years). Indications for surgery were: keratoconus (n = 12), herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis (n = 1), herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) keratitis (n = 1), lipid keratopathy (n = 2), lattice dystrophy (n = 1) and corneal scarring (n = 3). Overall, mean post-operative cell density was 2417 cells/mm2 (range 928-3656 cells/mm2). In eyes with pathological conditions not likely to have affected the endothelial cell density, such as keratoconus or lattice degeneration, the mean cell density was 2837 cells/mm2 (range 1030-3656 cells/mm2). Conclusions In patients undergoing DLK for conditions such as keratoconus the postoperative cell density was at a normal level in the majority of cases. Cell loss through this surgical intervention thus appears generally to be small. The prospect for long-term survival of these grafts is good.