Optical Effects of Ultrasonic Waves Producing Phase and Amplitude Modulation

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Abstract
A theory is developed for the diffraction of light by ultrasonic waves of sufficiently high frequency, large amplitude, and/or large beamwidth that the emerging light wavefront is significantly amplitude modulated in addition to the phase modulation considered in the Raman‐Nath approach. The ultrasonic beam is considered to consist of N adjacent sections and the final diffractionspectrum to result from N successive diffractions. The diffraction orders emerging from a given section are considered to be sources for further diffraction by the next section. Only phase modulation of the separate plane waves (diffraction orders) is considered within a section. Refraction of light is not considered as such; it is characterized by successive redistribution of light in the diffraction orders. Numerical results are obtained by iterations using an electronic computer. These results are compared with measurements.

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