Calorimetric Measurement of Pulsed Laser Output Energy

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Abstract
There are several methods by which one may measure the energy output of the pulsed laser. However, the technique which seems to be most promising as far as accuracy and precision are concerned is the calorimetric method. We have designed, built, and calibrated calorimeters for measuring the output energy of the pulsed ruby laser (6943Å). The heart of the calorimeter is a small absorption cell containing an aqueous solution of CuSO4. The temperature of the absorption cell, as measured by a thermocouple, indicates the energy absorbed by the calorimeter. The calorimeter was calibrated in two different ways: 1) the known heat capacity of the absorption cell and the thermocouple sensitivity calibration gives a calorimeter calibration, which agrees within 0.3 percent of 2) an electrical energy substitution calibration which is obtained via a heater wire contained in the absorption cell solution. A method has been devised by which two calorimeters may be intercompared. Calorimeters which we have built and calibrated agree with each other to about 0.7 percent. This specific calorimeter has been designed to measure energies up to 30 J and will take peak powers of up to 200 MW/cm2.