CELLULAR FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA

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Abstract
The cellular fatty acid composition of 8 spp. of sulfate-reducing bacteria was determined. Five Desulfovibrio spp., non-sporulating sulfate-reducing bacteria, were divided into 2 major groups based on the composition. One group contained unsaturated branched-chain fatty acids as major fatty acids and the other did not. D. vulgaris, D. desulfuricans and D. salexigens in the former group contained iso-C15:0, C16:0, and iso-C17:1 as the most abundant acids. In D. africanus, which was also classified into the former group, the relative amount of each acid was largely different from that in the other 3 spp. The most abundant acid was C18:1.DELTA.11 and iso-C16:1, iso-C17:1, and antesio-C17:1 were detected as the next most abundant acids. D. gigas, which belonged to the latter group, contained anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C14:0 as major acids and the overall profile of the composition was remarkably different from the 4 spp. in the former group. The cellular fatty acid composition in 3 spp. Desulfotomaculum spp., sporulating sulfate-reducing bacteria, was different from that in the Desulfovibrio spp. The 3 spp. were divided into 2 major groups. D. nigrificans contained odd-numbered saturated branched-chain fatty acids (Iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C15:0) as major acids, and in D. orientis and D. ruminis even numbered straight-chain fatty acids (C16:0 and C16:1) were the major acids. Heterogeneity in the cellular fatty acid composition in non-sporulating and sporulating species suggests taxonomical confusion in the sulfate-reducing bacteria.

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