Muscadine grapes did not show any symptoms of grape fanleaf virus (GFV) 3 yr after inoculation with infective X. index. Plants were assayed by green-grafting with the indicator host V. rupestris ''St-Georges'', mechanical inoculations on Chenopodium quinoa, and serologic tests. Muscadine grapes are highly resistant to GFV transmitted by nematode feeding but not by graft-inoculation with infected scions, indicating that muscadine grapes are not immune to GFV.