HPLC Determination of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Plasma and Urine from Drug Abusers

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Abstract
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the determination of cocaine and its metabolite, benzoylecgonine (BZE), in plasma and urine. Following a solid-liquid extraction with Bond-Elut Certify cartridges and using methaqualone as reference compound, chromatography was performed with a Lichrospher RP 18 (125 × 4-ram i.d.) reversed-phase column, ultraviolet (UV) detection at 235 nm, and methanol (pH 7)-phosphate buffer (70:30, v/v) as mobile phase. Linearity was obtained from 0.1 to 20 pg/mL with a good correlation coefficient. Recoveries ranged from 76.9 to 96.5%, and coefficients of variation were always less than 5.0%. Urine samples from live, cocaine-intoxicated patients contained concentrations of 0.21–75.55 µg/mL BZE and less than 4.14 pg/mL cocaine, whereas postmortem urine analyses gave concentrations of 5.86–198.76 µpg/mL for BZE and 1.56–33.24 µg/mL for its parent compound. Finally, postmortem blood samples were all negative for cocaine and gave BZE concentrations of 0.040–0.53 µg/mL.

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