Molecular epidemiology ofBurkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, andAlcaligenes xylosoxidans in a cystic fibrosis center

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Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, andAlcaligenes xylosoxidans have been isolated with increasing frequency from the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis in a pediatric hospital. In 1994–95, 27 of 120 patients were persistently colonized, 17 withBurkholderia cepacia, eight withAlcaligenes xylosoxidans, and five withStenotrophomonas maltophilia. Genotyping of 220 clinical isolates revealed that most of theBurkholderia cepacia strains were clonally related, suggesting either cross-infection or a common source of exposure. In contrast, neither crossinfection nor a common source of exposure appear to have occurred in the cases ofAlcaligenes xylosoxidans orStenotrophomonas maltophilia.