Radiographic Features of Ureterocele

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Abstract
Ureterocele, from the Greek (όυρητήρ and κήλη), literally means hernia of the ureter. It is the result of a congenital stenosis of the ureteral orifice and a concomitant weakness of the wall of the lower ureter so that there is a resultant ballooning of the terminal ureter into the bladder. This intracystic ballooning of the dilated ureter produces a characteristic defect on the cystogram, which is practically pathognomonic in the infant. The extent of the radiographic defect is proportional to the size of the ureterocele, which may vary from a centimeter in diameter to sizes which fill the bladder and may occasionally, in the female, prolapse through the urethra. Because of obstruction secondary to the ureterocele there is frequently an associated hydronephrosis on the affected side. Of the anomalies concomitant with ureterocele, double ureter is the most common. When this latter anomaly is present, the ureterocele usually affects the ureter draining the upper kidney. Ureteroceles may also contain calcul...

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