Dantrolene protects erythrocytes against oxidative stress during whole‐body irradiation in rats

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Abstract
In our study, we examined the radioprotective effects of dantrolene against γ irradiation‐induced damage of blood cells after total body irradiation of rats. Rats were divided into three groups of eight rats each. The first group was the control group receiving no dantrolene or irradiation, the second group received total body irradiation (RT) with 5 Gy of γ irradiation only, and the third group received dantrolene at a dose of 5 mg kg−1 plus RT. Dantrolene was given intraperitoneally 30 min before RT. All groups were sacrificed 2 h after RT, and blood samples were taken. Leukocyte, and thrombocyte counts and hemoglobin levels were measured. Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in plasma and erythrocytes and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities (GSH‐Px) in erythrocytes were determined. It was found that pretreatment with dantrolene at a dose of 5 mg kg−1 significantly reduced the MDA levels and increased the antioxidant SOD and GSH‐Px activities, and prevented the decrease in leukocyte and thrombocyte counts. We conclude that dantrolene has clear antioxidant properties when given prior to radiation exposure and the protective effect of dantrolene against damage inflicted by radiation, depends, at least in part, on the decrease in lipid peroxidation and increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH‐Px. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.