Estrogen receptor‐mediated cytotoxicity using iodine‐125

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Abstract
Auger effects from 125I decay are singularly damaging if localized in DNA as the thymidine analogue 125I‐iododeoxyuridine (125IUdR). Recent experience with steroid sex hormones extends these observations by demonstrating cytotoxicity in sites other than the DNA backbone. We have compared the cytotoxicity in human MCF‐7 breast cancer cells of 125IUdR, 125I‐iodotamoxifen, a nonsteroidal antiestrogen that is translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of receptor containing cells, and 125I‐iodoantipyrine, a biological indicator of the body water space. Cytotoxicity is critically dependent upon subcellular localization.