Localization of Gingival Overgrowth in Heart Transplant Patients Undergoing Cyclosporin Therapy

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Abstract
This research was aimed at determining and comparing the pattern of localization of both cyclosporin‐induced gingival overgrowth and associated periodontal variables in heart transplant patients. Thirty‐nine patients undergoing cyclosporin treatment were studied for 6 months following transplant surgery. Oral hygiene and gingivitis were evaluated using the Silness‐Löe and Löe‐Silness indices. Gingival overgrowth was measured using a periodontal probe to determine the height of the gingiva at six points per tooth. Statistical hypothesis testing was applied to calculate the significance of the results. Overgrowth average showed a steady and significant growth. The graphs depicting average overgrowth localization, “standard periodontograms,” showed remarkable symmetry, and a significantly anterior mandibular papillary distribution. No overgrowth was observed in edentulous areas. The localization of plaque and gingivitis followed a similar pattern; a highly significant correlation was found with the overgrowth localization pattern. It was concluded that the elimination of plaque is an important preventive measure for cyclosporin‐induced gingival overgrowth, and that tooth or periodontium related factors have a significant impact on its pathogenesis. J Periodontol 1994;65:666–670.