DISPERSAL AND ESTABLISHMENT OF PLEOLOPHUS BASIZONUS (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)
- 1 September 1970
- journal article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in The Canadian Entomologist
- Vol. 102 (9) , 1102-1111
- https://doi.org/10.4039/ent1021102-9
Abstract
Pleolophus basizonus (Gravenhorst) is a parasitoid from Europe introduced in Canada and liberated between 1939 and 1949 to supplement natural mortality factors of sawfly populations. Three recoveries reported in the literature show that the parasitoid has dispersed 81 km at 4.3 km per year in Ontario, between 109 and 161 km at 4.5 and 5.6 km per year in Quebec, and 172 km at 8.6 km per year in Michigan. Dispersal occurs by walking, possibly by short flights and by water while the parasitoid is within the host cocoon. Female parasitoids do not fly unless disturbed and dispersal by water cannot account for their movement in Quebec. In observation trays, the mean rate of travel on the ground by female parasitoids was 20.9 cm per minute. This speed is sufficient to account for the rates of dispersal recorded in the field. The parasitoid was present in every jack pine stand sampled between 1965 and 1968 in the western part of the St. Maurice River watershed in Quebec. The most abundant host was Neodiprion swainei Middleton. Absolute population estimates indicate that the parasitoid responds positively to host density and that it is an important addition to the native parasitoid complex. Le Pleolophus basizonus (Gravenhorst) est un parasitoïde européen introduit au Canada et propagé entre 1939 et 1949 afin de renforcer les facteurs de mort naturelle chez les Tenthrèdes qui infestent les arbres forestiers. Selon trois rapports publiés, il s’est répandu sur 81 km (au taux de 4.3 km par an) en Ontario, 109 à 161 km (à 4.5 et 5.6 km par an) au Québec, et 172 km (à 8.6 km par an) au Michigan. Il se propage surtout pédestrement, peut-être aussi par de courts vols et par la voie des eaux lorsqu’il habite le cocon de l’hôte. Les femelles ne volent pas à moins d’être dérangées et leur propagation par les cours d’eau n’a pas lieu au Québec. Sur des plateaux expérimentaux, la vitesse moyenne des femelles au sol était de 20.9 cm par mn, chiffre qui confirme les taux de propagation observés sur le terrain. Ce parasitoïde était présent dans tous les peuplements de Pin gris échantillonnés entre 1965 et 1968 dans l’ouest du bassin versant de la rivière Saint-Maurice, au Québec. L’hôte le plus abondant s’avérait Neodiprion swainei Middleton. Les estimations de population absolue démontrent que sa densité est proportionnelle à celle de ses hôtes; il constitue une addition importante au groupe de parasitoïdes indigènes.Keywords
This publication has 9 references indexed in Scilit:
- DEVELOPMENT AND DIAPAUSE INPLEOLOPHUS BASIZONUS(HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)The Canadian Entomologist, 1969
- THE IMPORTANCE OF COINCIDENCE IN THE FUNCTIONAL AND NUMERICAL RESPONSES OF TWO PARASITES OF THE EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY, NEODIPRION SERTIFERThe Canadian Entomologist, 1969
- PARASITES OF THE RED-PINE SAWFLY, NEODIPRION NANULUS NANULUS (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE), IN NEW BRUNSWICKThe Canadian Entomologist, 1967
- The Use of Mathematics and Computers to Determine Optimal Strategy and Tactics for a Given Insect Pest Control ProblemThe Canadian Entomologist, 1964
- MIGRATION OF TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODS IN RELATION TO HABITATBiological Reviews, 1962
- The Life History of Aptesis basizona (Grav.) on Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) in Southern OntarioThe Canadian Entomologist, 1961
- Window Flight Traps for InsectsThe Canadian Entomologist, 1955
- A NOTE ON THE EFFECT OF CERTAIN FOODS UPON FECUNDITY AND LONGEVITY IN MICROCRYPTUS BASIZONIUS GRAV. (HYMENOPTERA)The Canadian Entomologist, 1940
- The Insect Parasites of the Spruce Sawfly (Diprion polytomum, Htg.) in EuropeBulletin of Entomological Research, 1937