Metal ion release from titanium with active oxygen species generated by rat macrophagesin vitro

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Abstract
The release of metal ions due to active oxygen species generated by macrophages (Mϕ) phagocytosing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) particles was studied in vitro to investigate the mechanism behind the release of metal ions from titanium implants into nearby tissues in the absence of wear and fretting in vivo. To determine the effects of Mϕs on metal ion release, titanium disks were immersed in different solutions and the titanium ions released from the titanium disks into each solution were quantified. The results revealed that active oxygen species generated by Mϕs induced the metal ion release. In particular, the ion release was accelerated with HDPE because the Mϕs that phagocytosed HDPE generated more active oxygen species than Mϕs that did not phagocytose any HDPE. Metal ions were also released by organic species in the absence of Mϕs. These are some of the causes for metal ion release from titanium implants in the absence of wear and fretting in vivo. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 49, 238–243, 2000.