Interaction of sea ice, snow and glaciers with the atmosphere and ocean (Part I)

Abstract
This monograph discusses the results of scientific research within a program studying the direct and inverse relationships between sea ice, snow, and glaciers on the one hand and the atmosphere and ocean on the other. It was written by leading specialists in the field of glaciology. The questions examined include the climatic role of existing and former glaciers, snow cover, and sea ice; in particular, the effect of glaciers of different types on the air above them is assessed and a method of monitoring climatic change at different levels, based on data on the external mass exchange of glaciers, is proposed. Geomorphological and climatic effects of the interaction of glaciers with the ocean in the zone of the continental margins are examined. The theory of the relationship between the world ocean and global climate is discussed. New reconstructions are presented for the last glaciation and for former ice‐dammed lakes in the northeastern USSR.

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