The development of methods of training and indoctrination of candidates for Arctic service offers a challenging field. The simplest training is by methods of simulation. A greater challenge is the indoctrinational program. Another large field in need of investigation is related to factors of the environment. The assay of biological factors of polar environment will find its greatest share of interest in the Arctic, since the Antarctic is devoid of life. No virological survey of the Arctic has yet been conducted. Another general field in need of investigation in polar regions is health and sickness. Many physiological problems are also in need of study. The physiology of adaptation is a challenging problem. There is also the psychosomatic problem in Arctic life. Engineer -physiologist problems include the problems of food, hygiene, clothing, transportation, and community planning.