THE EXCRETION OF FREE OESTROGEN DURING UTERINE BLEEDING

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Abstract
Except during phases of menstruation, when as a rule little or none is demonstrable, the urine of normal women of reproductive age almost always contains fat-soluble oestrogenic hormone, mostly in a state of combination [Palmer, 1937, 1939 b]. The amount excreted varies, and as a rule is equivalent to from 4 to 30 μg. of oestrone; amounts up to 200 μg. may, however, occur during one or two days of the mid-intermenstruum. Oestrogen in free form is occasionally and transiently present, and it can be demonstrated only by the extraction and assay of both free and combined hormone in consecutive, complete, 24-hour urine specimens. As a rule it occurs during the menstrual cycle only at the time of ovulation and during menstrual bleeding—if it can be demonstrated at all. While the amount of combined oestrogen gradually and steadily increases until term, only negligible quantities of free hormone are excreted during

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