Effect of Intracardiac Blood on the Electrocardiogram

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Abstract
THE relation between the electrocardiogram as it registers from body-surface leads and the actual electromotive force of the heart is influenced by many factors. An increase in magnitude of the QRS potentials in an electrocardiographic lead may be caused by a greater size or number of individual fiber dipoles, as in ventricular hypertrophy, or by decreased cancellation of an opposing vector component, as in myocardial infarction. In addition to these factors, which represent changes in the electromotive force of the heart, there are important influences that are independent of this force: the position of the heart in the thorax, the . . .