Global estimates of water withdrawals and availability under current and future “business-as-usual” conditions
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- 1 June 2003
- journal article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Hydrological Sciences Journal
- Vol. 48 (3) , 339-348
- https://doi.org/10.1623/hysj.48.3.339.45278
Abstract
New global models provide the opportunity to generate quantitative information about the world water situation. Here the WaterGAP 2 model is used to compute globally comprehensive estimates about water availability, water withdrawals, and other indicators on the river-basin scale. In applying the model to the current global water situation, it was found that about 24% of world river basin area has a withdrawal to availability ratio greater than 0.4, which some experts consider to be a rough indication of “severe water stress”; the impacts of this stress are expected to be stronger in developing countries than in industrialized ones. Under a “business-as-usual” scenario of continuing demographic, economic and technological trends up to 2025, water withdrawals are expected to stabilize or decrease in 41% of world river basin areas because of the saturation of water needs and improvement in water-use efficiency. Withdrawals grow elsewhere because population and economic growth will lead to rising de... Résumé Les nouveaux modèles globaux donnent l'opportunité de générer de l'information quantitative au sujet de la situation hydrologique mondiale. Nous utilisons le modèle WaterGAP 2 pour calculer des estimations à vocation globale de la disponibilité en eau, des prélèvements d'eau et d'autres indicateurs, au niveau des bassins versants. L'application du modèle à la situation hydrologique globale actuelle montre que 24% environ de la surface des bassins versants du monde présentent un rapport entre prélèvement et disponibilité supérieur à 0.4, ce que certains experts considèrent comme une indication grossière d'un “stress hydrique sévère”; les impacts de ce stress étant estimés plus forts dans les pays en voie de développement que dans les pays industrialisés. Selon un scénario de continuité dans les tendances démographiques, économiques et technologiques jusqu'en 2025, les prélèvements d'eau se stabilisent ou diminuent sur 41% de la surface des bassins versants à cause de la saturation des besoins en eau...Keywords
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